The bounce of a Squash Ball Essay Example for Free

The bounce of a Squash Ball Essay However, some energy is lost as due to friction between the molecules in the air, and the surface of the ball. 3 This is during the time where the ball is in contact with the floor. There are really three stages here, I will show them below: i) ii) iii) In i, the ball has hit the ground, and because of inertia, the ball tries to keep moving and cant because the ground beneath it is solid. This causes the ball to change to a sort of oval shape, this change of shape causes some energy to be lost as heat and the kinetic energy to become Elastic Energy. Also, the ball hitting the ground will cause some energy to go on as sound and some will be sent through the surface as a wave. In ii, the ball is still, and has no energy other than Elastic Energy; it is exactly between i and iii. In iii, The Elastic Energy is being converted to Kinetic Energy, and causes the ball to go from the oval shape, back to its original shape, and bounces off of the ground. The Elastic Energy in the ball is now becoming Kinetic Energy again and the reshaping of the ball causes some more energy to be lost as heat. 4 Here the ball is going back up after bouncing off of the ground. The ball has Kinetic Energy, and again some energy is lost as heat due to friction between the air and the ball. 5 At this stage, the ball is stationary in the air because gravity has prevented it from rising any further. However, the ball is not as high as it was when it was dropped; this is because some energy was lost as heat. This stage links back to stage two repeatedly, until all of the energy from the ball has been lost, at which point it will become stationary on the ground. Prediction With this in mind, I am predicting that the higher the ball is dropped from, the higher it will bounce (due to increased energy). However, I predict that the ball will never reach the height it fell from because of energy which is lost as heat from friction and sound when it hits the ground. Calculating Epg The formula mgh (or Mass   Gravity   Height) will show the amount of Gravitational Potential Energy (Epg) the ball has at this stage. The mass of our ball was 0. 024 kg, which is constant (it doesnt change). The gravity here on Earth is 10N per kg of mass, for our ball this would mean 0. 24N, another constant. The height from which we drop the ball is a variable. Therefore to work out the Epg of the ball at any given height we would use the formula Height. We can shorten this to 0. 006 because mass and gravity are constant. For example, if we wanted to know how much Epg the ball had when held at 1. 00 m, we would do 0. 006 1. 00, which is 0. 006. The reason for calculating Epg is so that later on the kinetic energy (Ek) of the ball can be calculating, in turn allowing the velocity of the ball upon impact to be calculated. Method First of all, two metre sticks were placed vertically against a wall, one above the other, creating a makeshift double-metre stick, this was held against the wall. Next, the ball was held so that the bottom of it was aligned with the height (e. g. 1. 00 m). Meanwhile, another member of the team laid on the floor, facing the metre stick. The ball was then released when the member on the floor was ready. When the ball bounced up the member on the floor noted it down. This was repeated five times for each drop height (0. 8m, 1. 0m, 1. 2m, etc up to 2. 0m). After each drop height was done five times, the ball was heated to 40 degrees Celsius in a water bath. Our variable was the drop height of the ball. We chose the range 0. 6m 2. 0m because it achieves a good set of results, while not taking too much time after dropping from each height five times. We dropped the ball five times from each height and then obtained an average to try and get a good range of results, and also to eliminate anomalous results from our graphs. Results Table Drop Height (m) Gravitational Potential Energy (J) Bounce Height (m) Speed on Impact (m/sec) ms Analysis. The results in this table show that the Epg increases when the ball is held higher up. It also shows that the ball bounces higher when the drop height is higher, and that the ball will never bounce to the same height it was dropped from. One other thing my table shows is that the higher the drop height, the higher the speed of the ball on impact with the ground. This proves everything I predicted to be correct, and also correlates with my energy transfer diagram, which is what I based my prediction on. Ball Speed Epg = Ek on impact. To work out the velocity (speed) of the ball on impact we would use the formula v=VEk. First we need to know the value of Ek which is dependant on Evaluation There are just two anomalies, they are at 1. 4m and 1. 6m, they is quite far from the line of best fit. I believe the cause was human error perhaps in the inaccuracy of trying to see how high the ball was in a fraction of a second. If I had the chance to repeat this investigation, I would improve the procedure by improving the measuring system, perhaps by using a digital video camera to record how high the ball bounced and then playing it back frame by frame on a computer because it is very hard to see where the ball is in a fraction of a second with human eyesight. I would increase the range of results to be from 0. 2m maybe 5. 0m, because it would give a much larger range, in which perhaps the rule of the ball bouncing higher when dropped from higher would be incorrect.

Asian American Stereotypes Essay -- essays research papers

Pertaining to Tracy Lai’s article titled, â€Å"Asian American Women†, Lai discusses how stereotypes dehumanize people while turning them into objects to be manipulated. Lai touches on the topic of how Asian people and cultures are stereotyped as being inferior and exotic. The problem that Lai brings to our attention is that it is a struggle to be an Asian in America due to the fact that Asians have been denied political, economic and social equality in America. Lai also brings to our attention the die hard myth that Asians have made it in America, which is far from the truth. I sense that Lai’s argument is extremely effective due to the fact that stereotypes are not only seen among Asians, they are also seen in many other cultures and genders. For instance, women for years were battling for woman’s equality to be able to vote, and today women are still battling for equality in political and economic areas. In addition, African American’s are still trying to be accepted into certain political roles throughout our society. Since Tracy Lai is a Asian in America I feel that her argument holds great validity due to the fact that Lai shared her own personal experiences. By reading Lai’s personal feelings, it allowed me to understand her beliefs to a greater extent because I was able to see where she was coming from. Certainly I agree with Lai’s views because I have noticed that Asians are depicted as being inferior. For example, if you have ever seen a movie or a television show that...

Educational Failure Essay

â€Å"Every year, over 1. 2 million students drop out of high school in the United States alone. That’s a student every 26 seconds – or 7,000 a day† (Thornbergh). Why this happening and more importantly, what is being done to solve this problem? Because of boring classes, too much freedom, and just a lack of motivation, students nationwide are dropping out of school, and are starting on the path of minimum wage and regret. Schools are trying to resolve this issue by giving the support students the help they need, and giving them alternatives to traditional schooling. †¦nearly 1 out of 3 public high school students won’t graduate†(Thornbergh). That’s one third of today’s youths. That’s one out of three people that won’t go to college. That’s one of three people that won’t know the rewarding feeling of getting a diploma. But what’s wrong with this one third that isn’t wrong with the other two thirds? Some say it’s because if society, others say it’s because of schools. Really only half of the problem lies with schools. There are only a small percentage of dropouts that feel that they could never meet the criteria that the school demanded. Unfortunately, many students are not given the extra support they need to make a successful transition to high school and are lost in ninth grade†(Galesic 317). Most others aren’t engaged in school. â€Å"Boredom and disengagement are two key reasons students stop attending class and wind up dropping out of school†(Furger). â€Å"Fully 88% said they had passing grades in high school. When asked to name the reasons they had left school, more respondents named boredom than struggles with course work†(Thornbergh). With this combination, schools become what many students feel to be a waste of time. When schools get this reputation, they become what is known as dropout factories. â€Å"Approximately two thousand high schools (about 12 percent), known as the nation’ lowest performing high schools, produce nearly half of the nation‘s dropouts. In these schools, the number of seniors enrolled is routinely 60 percent or less than the number of freshmen three years earlier† (Galesic 314). Although schools have some blame for the problem at hand, the other half of the problem has origins that the schools can’t control, and that is society and family. Students don’t only have to deal with their school work, but also their peers and life at home. This can be stressful time for students, and, because of this stress, students’ grades may suffer. Even though a student’s grades are low, their parents might not know, or even care. Many parents just don’t pay any attention to their child’s grades. The shocking thing is that only fifty-one percent of parents somewhat knew that their child had low grades; the other percentages range anywhere from kind of knowing to almost not knowing at all. Even though dropping out doesn’t sound too bad, a person is branding themselves a quitter. Once a person drops out, there’s no going back. Sure, a person could get a GED, but, that still doesn’t hold the same weight as a diploma. Dropping out of schools will affect a person their entire life. â€Å"Even a GED is not sufficient for a job here anymore (Thornbergh). † There is no replacement for a diploma. The path of minimum wage and unemployment starts with dropping out. Only forty five percent of High school dropouts are able to find employment. Compared to the sixty eight percent that graduated, that’s a very low number in today’s economic state. Even if a drop out can be that forty five present that is employed, their annual earnings ($8,358) are only little more than half the earning of a High school Graduate ($14,601)(Sum, Ishwar, McLaughlin). Dropping out does not only affect the person who dropped out but also everyone around them. In today’s world, the efforts one person really affects everything around them. People often say, do as your told ;not as they do. That seems easy right? Well, when it comes to drop out, that’s not the case. Students are more likely to drop out if their parents did. When they drop out, their children are also more likely to drop out; leading through a vicious cycle of drop outs. Family isn’t the only thing affected by drop outs (Bridgeland, DiIulio, Morison). Over their working lives, the average high school dropout will have a negative net fiscal contribution to society of nearly -$5,200 while the average high school graduate generates a positive lifetime net fiscal contribution of $287,000. The average high school dropout will cost taxpayers over $292,000 in lower tax revenues, higher cash and in-kind transfer costs, and imposed incarceration costs relative to an average high school graduate. Adult dropouts in the U. S. in recent years have been a major fiscal burden to the rest of society. Given the current and projected deficits of the federal government, the fiscal burden of supporting dropouts and their families is no longer sustainable. ;(Sum, Ishwar, McLaughlin) Supporting dropouts and their families in no longer doable. So, what is actually being done to help students succeed in school and ultimately success in life? One solution that can has come into play in resent years in is alternative to traditional education such as viral schools and credits labs. They consist of virtual schools and programs that help students get back on track to graduating. With these They offer the help and support students need with out the social problems that traditional classes have such as labels, race, and learning disabilities. In doing so, theses alternatives are also adjusting learning to a more personal level. Education no longer has to be for the whole, but only for the small part that is the individual student. â€Å"Districts throughout the country are working to personalize learning by creating small schools or reorganizing large schools into small learning communities, as part of their strategy for reducing the dropout rate†(Furger). These individual students can now get more help and understanding then they would ever get in a traditional class room. Another Solution to this epidemic is stricter rules for schooling. Schools are not only making it harder to drop out, but also, raising the academic bar for students. Some students just quit because its acceptable , while others quit just because they’re board in schools. It would be no long acceptable to just quit if there are stricter penalties, right? Some states are making it so students can’t quit at an easily age. â€Å"Students who drop out before age 18 could have their driver’s license suspended or their work permit revoked unless their decision was first approved by a school or judge†(Thornbergh). But the problem doesn’t only lie with it just being acceptable, but also boredom. â€Å"Higher expectations and more challenging curriculum, coupled with the support students need to be successful, have proven to be an effective strategy not only for increasing graduation rates, but also for preparing students to graduate from high school with options†(Furger). The last and most research backed cure for this epidemic is early education. â€Å"Every month, new studies in neuroscience and psychology provide insights and warnings about how much of a person’s capacity for learning is shaped from birth to age 8. Young children need to experience rich language interactions with teachers, parents, and other adults who read to them, ask questions of them, and encourage their exploration of myriad subjects†(Guernsey Mead). Many students quit school because they are failing. â€Å"Preschool, they argue, is an early investment in youth that yields significant economic results later on. In their review of the research on preschool models in California and elsewhere, the authors found that one preschool program increased high school graduation rates by 11 percent, and another by 19 percent. Furger) â€Å"We need a much broader and deeper transformation of the educational system that starts, if parents choose, when children are as young as three years old and continues through the first few grades of elementary school. Early childhood does not stop at kindergarten; it extends through age eight, because children are still learning foundational skills in literacy, numeracy, social competence, and problem solving, they are more likely to retain them. (Guernsey, Mead) Because of boring classes, too much freedom, and just a lack of motivation, students nationwide are dropping out of school, and staring on the path of minimum wage and regret. Schools are trying to resolve this by giving the support students need and giving them alternatives to traditional schooling. In the time it took to read this, at least one student has dropped out. This needs to stop. Make a difference in one student’s life by helping the cause of helping students stay in school.

Ethics And Privacy Across International Borders - 2834 Words

Navi Walia Assignment 5 Ethics and Privacy Across International Borders MCL 510 11/26/14 Part 1: K: When developing Acme Data Analytics Inc. to take into the U.K. market, we need to determine the shopping behaviors of our clients. The raw data of the amount of times our clients search for â€Å"Christmas Deals† on Google, will determine how we should target our content to their browsers. M: But how will this provide quality search results that will ultimately produce our UK clients with the products they are searching for? Will these results be the right ones, thus satisfying the needs of the customer’s goals? To get gifts that will make their children happy? K: I am not concerned with the happiness of the children, rather that we are collecting the raw data and performing the duties to get maximum exposure to as many clients as possible. Based on this data, how do we replicate the results the following years? Does this lend to continued growth from the analysis of data to tangible profits in the coming years? A: Christmas time is a time for the children, and we need to take that into consideration when the searches are being performed, there are foreseeable consequences if we don’t. I feel that by collecting data based on just â€Å"Christmas Deals† is not enough. We should incorporate more measures such as last year’s U.K. Christmas online shopping trends, products that are hot this year, and what the children are asking for most this holiday season. M: I couldShow MoreRelatedPrivacy Policy Essay example1343 Words   |  6 PagesIt has become a sad fact that in today’s society the truth is that the right to one’s privacy in the information technological world has simply become a joke. The growth of computers and information technology has raised new personal challenges in today’s world. 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The reason why roman republic collapsed - 972 Words

The reason why roman republic collapsed Roman republic began with the over throw of the roman monarchy and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elect annually by the citizens and advised by senate. During the first two centuries of its existence the Roman republic expanded rapidly through a combination of conquest and alliance, from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula. Then republic continues to conquest new land such as North Africa, Greece, Southern France and Spain. For about 500 years, the Roman republic exists and has many significant achievements in many fields. However, the republic finally collapsed and reformed as participate. Octavian becomes the first Augustus which was the first Roman emperor.†¦show more content†¦They become prey to demagogues and many become supporters of that warlord. This cause a unstable in Roman republic society. The gap between upper classes and lower class has significant increased. One other weakness is the power of warlords. In Roman republic, generals have strong power. They have army and these army more like a private army. These army usually fight enemies far away from Rome. They all support their general. Some powerful generals can even use army to seize political power.(Textbook 104) The one first general to do so was Gaius Marius. Marius gained much reputation by winning a war and defeated an invasion by some Germanic tribes. Marius abolished the old requirement that a soldier had to own at least a modest amount of property, and he also accepted volunteers instead of just drafting men for service Finally he converted the army in to an instrument for ambitious commanders during the remaining years of the republic. For Sulla the dictator, he is and later general. He invaded the city of Rome with his supports. Sulla did have some political program to re shape the Roman republic. He enforce the dictator ship and reduce the power of senate. 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Recollection in Platos Phaedo and Meno Essay - 602 Words

Recollection in Platos Phaedo and Meno As the earliest philosopher from whom we have written texts, Plato is often misrepresented as merely reproducing Socratic rhetoric. In Meno, one of the first Platonic dialogues, Plato offers his own unique philosophical theory, infused with his mentors brilliant sophistry. Amidst discussing whether or not virtue can be taught, Meno poses a difficult paradox: How can one be virtuous, or seek virtue, when one cannot know what it is? How will you aim to search for something you do not know at all? (Plato, Meno, 80d). From this question, Plato purposes a solution, that knowledge must be recollected from the soul. When the soul enters the world of space and time, Plato suggests, it carries some†¦show more content†¦Near the end of Meno, Socrates observes: For true opinions, so long as they stick around, are a fine thing and do all sorts of good. But they are not willing to stick around for long. Rather, they escape from ones mind, so that they are not worth much until one ties them down by figuring out the cause. (97e-98e) Thus true opinion, on the other hand, is of things circumstantial and conditional, and remains only temporarily in the souls memory. Plato also uses the example of a journey to Larissa to illustrate this difference; for even if one knows the route, in another lifetime the route may change, and thus is temporary. The route to Larissa, therefore, would be an object of true opinion but not of knowledge, and could not be recollected by another in future lifetimes. Although these examples of differentiating knowledge and opinion strengthen Platos theory of recollection, the theory itself is not substantiated enough to prove the souls immortality. Other statements in both books prove to be hypocritical. If all humans possess innate knowledge through recollection, this would refute Socrates frequent statement that he does not have any knowledge. Other explanations are also lacking: if we are to believe this theory of recollected knowledge, then how did the soul initially gain any knowledge? If opinion isShow MoreRelatedRationalism732 Words   |  3 PagesRationalism In Plato’s Meno it begins with a debate between a fictional Socrates and Meno about whether virtue can be taught or if it is acquired in another way. Socrates begins to prove his point when he asks the slaves about the geometry question. When the slave answers the question, Socrates suggests to Meno that they inquire this together. Meno argues with his â€Å"Meno’s Paradox† that, â€Å"one logically cannot inquire productivity into what one does not already know† (Meno 58). Then Socrates continuesRead MorePlato, Locke, And The Question Of Innate Ideas1829 Words   |  7 Pagesopinions on the matter of innate ideas. Plato argues that the recognition of truth in reality is derived from the recollection of truth in the soul. A necessary part of Platos argument is that recollection of Truth depends upon the existence of an immortal soul. Locke, on the other hand, rejects Platos argument by stating that the recognition of truth is not dependent on recollectio n but is rather self-evident. In other words, Locke argues that one does not need to understand truth to knowRead MoreSummary : The Immortality Of The Soul 1116 Words   |  5 Pages 1. In the Phaedo, Socrates offers several proofs of the immortality of the soul. One of them is the so-called Recollection argument. In your paper, explain and analyze the argument with a careful attention to the text. Precisely identify why Socrates thinks that the argument shows that the soul is immortal. Evaluate whether the argument shows what Socrates thinks it shows as well as whether the argument has any problems. Our souls existed before we were born. Within Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates describesRead MorePlato s Theory Of Recollection1373 Words   |  6 PagesThe general topic is Plato’s theory of recollection. Is Plato’s Theory of Recollection the plausible solution to Meno’s Paradox of Knowledge? Throughout many of his dialogues Plato often concludes that we cannot know something through our senses. He often concludes that we became acquainted with our knowledge in a previous existence. In Meno, Socrates states that, â€Å"As the soul is immortal, has been born often, and has seen all things here and in the underworld, there is nothing which it has not learned;Read More The Chemistry of Knowledge Essay1905 Words   |  8 Pagesnegative definition of knowledge. Meno, Phaedo, and the Republic provide a more comprehensive discussion of the definition, the good and the teaching of knowledge. The following pages will explore Plato’s theory of knowledge and will conclude with an examination of organic chemistry at Swarthmore College. According to Plato, knowledge requires the reasoned understanding of essences. To know the qualities something possesses, one must grasp â€Å"what something is† (Meno 60). Knowledge entails an activeRead More A life sketch of Plato and his works Essays891 Words   |  4 Pageshis broad shoulders. Plato was born in Athens, Greece to one of the oldest and most distinguished families in the city. He lived with his mother, Perictione, and his father, Ariston (Until Ariston died.) Born in an aristocratic and rich family, Plato’s childhood was indulged within luxury. But his life changed when he came across Socrates. Socrates, a Greek philosopher who lived from 470-399 BC. He devoted all his time with young citizens discussing philosophy and questioning their confidence inRead MoreSummary : Immortality Of The Soul 1542 Words   |  7 PagesSierra Bauer Philosophy 110 Final Paper Immortality of the Soul Phaedo, also known to ancient readers as On the Soul, is one of greatest dialogues of Plato’s period. Phaedo centers itself around the death of Socrates. Throug Plato, Socrates lived on generations after his time. Phaedo begins with Socrates addressing his death and stating a true philosopher should look forward to death. He asserts that the soul is immortal and the philosopher spends his life training and detaching itself from the needsRead MoreThe Immortality of the Soul Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are various works and dialogues about this topic it is found to be best explained in The Phaedo. It is fair to say that the mind may wonder when one dies what exactly happens to the beloved soul, the giver of life often thought of as the very essence of life does it live on beyond the body, or does it die with it? Does the soul have knowledge of the past if it really does live on? In Plato’s The Phaedo, Plato recounts Socrates final days before he is put to death. Socrates has been imprisonedRead MoreTotal Recall : Plato s Recollection2366 Words   |  10 PagesTotal Recall: †¦Plato’s Recollection†¦ â€Å"God, the blessed and only Ruler, the King of kings and Lord of lords, who alone is immortal and who lives in unapproachable light, whom no one has seen or can see† (New International Version 1 Timothy 6:15-16). Immortality has been a major subject of philosophical contemplation throughout the history of written language, but even with its popularity it has been held for the most part as impossible. Likewise, most cultures in the past and present acknowledgeRead MorePhilosophy1687 Words   |  7 Pagesinterlocutors answer is false. Throughout this Socrates does not provide his own answer to the definition of pious and decides Euthyphro first two definitions were incorrect. In Meno Socrates attempts to find the definition of virtue and whether or not it can be taught. Ultimately the two come to a consensus on the topic. Meno himself rather realizes he cannot even define what virtue is. One of the effects of Socratic Method from the dialogue is the person will want to develop better thinking or get

Design Evaluation Mobile Application

Question: Discuss about the Design Evaluation for Mobile Application. Answer: Introduction The design has been made for the developing a mobile application software that would help in ecommerce activities of the organization. The mobile application would be helpful for the customers for selecting the book they want to buy. In this report, the evaluation of the design has been provided. Comprehensive design discussion The design of the mobile application has been done by using the concepts of Java Script, MY SQL, PHP, and DHTML (Braude Bernstein, 2016). The coding in the application utilized the SQL queries and languages. The design consists of online customers at one end and 2 services (authentication and credit payment service) and 2 users (identity provider and PayPal) at the other end. The online customers would login or sign up (for unregistered users) in the mobile application. It would allow them to surf through the various options like viewing items, making purchases, checking out of items and registering the clients. The simple UX design has allowed the users for easily accessing and placing orders from the application. The shopping cart system in the mobile application development has been provided with the option of searching, adding to cart, viewing the cart, and checking out the items from the cart. Excellent discussion of requirements The design of the mobile application development has the primary requirements of software and hardware. The software requirements include the operating system, database structure (MY SQL), and programming language (DHTML, JAVA, and PHP) (Buede Miller, 2016). These software components help in running the programs for the development of the mobile application. The hardware requirements include the tools and equipments that would be helpful for developing the codes and programs for the mobile application. The examples of hardware requirements are the computer peripherals that would be helpful for processing the device information. The functional requirements of the design include the storage, management, and modification of the data stored in the system database. The sale of books, new users data input and the registration of the client are the process requirements of the mobile application (Ferrario, Simm, Newman, Forshaw, Whittle, 2014). The database storage requirements include the storage of information of clients (name and contact information) and books (author, inventory item number, publisher, and year of publication). Influences and reasoning of design The design has been influenced by the system requirements from the mobile application development. The reliability, efficiency, usability, deliverable, and implementation have significant influences on the designing of the mobile application software (Pahl Beitz, 2013). The requirement of storing the data and information in a faster and wirelessly available system has resulted in developing the mobile application system at the book shop. The main reason behind designing of the mobile application is the need of a system for integrated book shopping system. It would help in determining the overall concept of designing and utilize them for implementing the mobile application development system. The program develop must be able to effectively verify the data entered by the customers and registration process (R., et al., 2013). The system at the mobile application of book shop that has been developed must be able to remove the erroneous data and wrong entered data. Usability principles The usability principles for the application designing are based on the user control, error prevention, and flexibility usability. Clients frequently pick framework works by oversight and will require an obviously stamped "crisis exit" to leave the undesirable state without going through an augmented discourse (Wohlin Aurum, 2015). Error fixation allows superior to overcome great mistake messages and it helps in forming a watchful outline that keeps an issue from happening in any case. Quickening agents may frequently accelerate the connection for the master client with the end goal that the framework can oblige both unpracticed and experienced clients. Permit clients to tailor visit activities. Conclusion The report had provided an in depth overview of the design proposed for the mobile application development and it was implemented at the bookshop. The application had been helpful for providing the benefit of the faster and easier data access for the operations of the book shop. It can be concluded from the report that the design made had integrated and applied all the necessary requirements and functions required by the book shop. References Braude, E. J., Bernstein, M. E. (2016). Software engineering: modern approaches. Waveland Press. Buede, D. M., Miller, W. D. (2016). The engineering design of systems: models and methods. John Wiley Sons. Ferrario, M. A., Simm, W., Newman, P., Forshaw, S., Whittle, J. (2014). Software engineering for'social good': integrating action research, participatory design, and agile development. Companion Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering, 520-523. Pahl, G., Beitz, W. (2013). Engineering design: a systematic approach. Springer Science Business Media. R., D. L., H., G., Mller, H. A., Shaw, M., Andersson, J., Litoiu, M., Weyns, D. (2013). Software engineering for self-adaptive systems: A second research roadmap. Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems II, 1-32. Wohlin, C., Aurum, A. (2015). Towards a decision-making structure for selecting a research design in empirical software engineering. Empirical Software Engineering, 20(6), 1427-1455.